Three-dimensional composites

Three-dimensional composites are (fibre-reinforced) composites that are three-dimensionally reinforced, which makes them suitable for use in structures that are loaded in all directions. After all, the layered structure and sandwich structure only show good properties in one or two directions. The practical realisation of three-dimensional composites is delicate and complex as the fibres have to be inserted manually or automatically into layers of fabric. An exquisite application of three-dimensional composites is the thermal shield of a space shuttle. The main three-dimensional composites are made of glass fibre with a resin matrix or carbon with a carbon matrix.